The walled fortifications that exist around the medieval city of Rhodes, Greece – inside the new, modern city of the same name – are both beautiful and fascinating, in both their design and their history. The history of the evolution of these fortifications spans a period of close to 2,000 years, and is extremely complex, as due to the location of the island – and city - of Rhodes being located at the crossroads of the ancient maritime routes of the Mediterranean, it has been the site of many conflicts over the years, with rule and control of the city changing hands a number of times during its history. For this reason, the fortifications have been built, destroyed, rebuilt and modified numerous times as well, and in different ways and styles, by the many different local current heads of government who were charged with overseeing the defenses of the city. This guide is an attempt to present a more simple, clarified account of the history of the fortifications, along with brief accounts of the major sieges – and battles – that the city of Rhodes experienced over its history. Far more detailed accounts of both can be found both in libraries and online, but this document hopes to present a synopsis - that is perhaps more “digestible” – of a subject that, due to its complexity, can be quite difficult to grasp.